What is Empirical Evidence?
Empirical evidence refers to information gathered through direct observation, experimentation, or measurement rather than theory or opinion. It forms the factual basis for scientific and social research.
Types of Empirical Evidence
- Quantitative: Numerical data such as surveys or experiments.
- Qualitative: Descriptive data from interviews or case studies.
Importance in Research
- Validates hypotheses and supports arguments.
- Provides reproducible and verifiable results.
- Bridges the gap between theory and practice.
Data Collection Methods
- Surveys, observations, interviews, and experiments.
- Use of instruments, tools, or standardised measures.
Best Practices
- Ensure ethical data collection and participant consent.
- Analyse results objectively and transparently.
- Distinguish clearly between empirical and theoretical evidence.